java.lang.Object
- org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.AbstractChunk
- - org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.ByteChunk

All Implemented Interfaces:

java.io.Serializable, java.lang.Cloneable
```
public final class ByteChunk
extends AbstractChunk
```
This class is used to represent a chunk of bytes, and utilities to manipulate byte[].
The buffer can be modified and used for both input and output.
There are 2 modes: The chunk can be associated with a sink - ByteInputChannel or ByteOutputChannel, which will be used when the buffer is empty (on input) or filled (on output). For output, it can also grow. This operating mode is selected by calling setLimit() or allocate(initial, limit) with limit != -1.
Various search and append method are defined - similar with String and StringBuffer, but operating on bytes.
This is important because it allows processing the http headers directly on the received bytes, without converting to chars and Strings until the strings are needed. In addition, the charset is determined later, from headers or user code.
In a server it is very important to be able to operate on the original byte[] without converting everything to chars. Some protocols are ASCII only, and some allow different non-UNICODE encodings. The encoding is not known beforehand, and can even change during the execution of the protocol. ( for example a multipart message may have parts with different encoding )
For HTTP it is not very clear how the encoding of RequestURI and mime values can be determined, but it is a great advantage to be able to parse the request without converting to string.

Author:

dac@sun.com, James Todd [gonzo@sun.com], Costin Manolache, Remy Maucherat

See Also:

Serialized Form

Nested Class Summary

Nested Classes
Modifier and Type	Class	Description
`static class`	`ByteChunk.BufferOverflowException`
`static interface`	`ByteChunk.ByteInputChannel`	Input interface, used when the buffer is empty.
`static interface`	`ByteChunk.ByteOutputChannel`	When we need more space we'll either grow the buffer ( up to the limit ) or send it to a channel.

Field Summary

Fields
Modifier and Type Field Description

static java.nio.charset.Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET
Default encoding used to convert to strings.
- Fields inherited from class org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.AbstractChunk
  ARRAY_MAX_SIZE, end, hasHashCode, isSet, sm, start

Constructor Summary

Constructors
Constructor Description

ByteChunk()
Creates a new, uninitialized ByteChunk object.

ByteChunk(int initial)

Method Summary

All Methods Static Methods Instance Methods Concrete Methods Deprecated Methods
Modifier and Type	Method	Description
`void`	`allocate(int initial, int limit)`
`void`	`append(byte b)`
`void`	`append(byte[] src, int off, int len)`	Add data to the buffer.
`void`	`append(java.nio.ByteBuffer from)`	Add data to the buffer.
`void`	`append(ByteChunk src)`
`java.lang.Object`	`clone()`
`static byte[]`	`convertToBytes(java.lang.String value)`	Convert specified String to a byte array.
`boolean`	`equals(byte[] b2, int off2, int len2)`
`boolean`	`equals(char[] c2, int off2, int len2)`	Compares the message bytes to the specified char array.
`boolean`	`equals(java.lang.Object obj)`
`boolean`	`equals(java.lang.String s)`	Compares the message bytes to the specified String object.
`boolean`	`equals(ByteChunk bb)`
`boolean`	`equals(CharChunk cc)`
`boolean`	`equalsIgnoreCase(java.lang.String s)`	Compares the message bytes to the specified String object.
`static int`	`findByte(byte[] bytes, int start, int end, byte b)`	Returns the first instance of the given byte in the byte array between the specified start and end.
`static int`	`findBytes(byte[] bytes, int start, int end, byte[] b)`	Returns the first instance of any of the given bytes in the byte array between the specified start and end.
`void`	`flushBuffer()`	Send the buffer to the sink.
`byte[]`	`getBuffer()`
`protected int`	`getBufferElement(int index)`
`byte[]`	`getBytes()`
`java.nio.charset.Charset`	`getCharset()`
`long`	`getLong()`
`static int`	`indexOf(byte[] bytes, int start, int end, char s)`	Returns the first instance of the given character in the given byte array between the specified start and end.
`int`	`indexOf(char c, int starting)`	Returns the first instance of the given character in this ByteChunk starting at the specified byte.
`void`	`makeSpace(int count)`	Make space for len bytes.
`void`	`recycle()`	Resets the chunk to an uninitialized state.
`void`	`setByteInputChannel(ByteChunk.ByteInputChannel in)`	When the buffer is empty, read the data from the input channel.
`void`	`setByteOutputChannel(ByteChunk.ByteOutputChannel out)`	When the buffer is full, write the data to the output channel.
`void`	`setBytes(byte[] b, int off, int len)`	Sets the buffer to the specified subarray of bytes.
`void`	`setCharset(java.nio.charset.Charset charset)`
`boolean`	`startsWith(java.lang.String s, int pos)`	Returns true if the buffer starts with the specified string when tested in a case sensitive manner.
`boolean`	`startsWithIgnoreCase(java.lang.String s, int pos)`	Returns true if the buffer starts with the specified string when tested in a case insensitive manner.
`int`	`substract()`	Deprecated.
`int`	`substract(byte[] dest, int off, int len)`	Deprecated.
`int`	`substract(java.nio.ByteBuffer to)`	Deprecated. Use `subtract(ByteBuffer)`.
`byte`	`substractB()`	Deprecated.
`int`	`subtract()`
`int`	`subtract(byte[] dest, int off, int len)`
`int`	`subtract(java.nio.ByteBuffer to)`	Transfers bytes from the buffer to the specified ByteBuffer.
`byte`	`subtractB()`
`java.lang.String`	`toString()`
`java.lang.String`	`toString(java.nio.charset.CodingErrorAction malformedInputAction, java.nio.charset.CodingErrorAction unmappableCharacterAction)`
`java.lang.String`	`toStringInternal()`	Deprecated. Unused.
`java.lang.String`	`toStringInternal(java.nio.charset.CodingErrorAction malformedInputAction, java.nio.charset.CodingErrorAction unmappableCharacterAction)`	Converts the current content of the byte buffer to a String using the configured character set.

Methods inherited from class org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.AbstractChunk
getEnd, getLength, getLimit, getLimitInternal, getOffset, getStart, hash, hashCode, indexOf, isNull, setEnd, setLimit, setOffset

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
finalize, getClass, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

- Field Detail
  - DEFAULT_CHARSET
```
public static final java.nio.charset.Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET
```
    Default encoding used to convert to strings. It should be UTF8, as most standards seem to converge, but the servlet API requires 8859_1, and this object is used mostly for servlets.
- Constructor Detail
  - ByteChunk
```
public ByteChunk()
```
    Creates a new, uninitialized ByteChunk object.
  - ByteChunk
```
public ByteChunk(int initial)
```
- Method Detail
  - clone
```
public java.lang.Object clone()
                       throws java.lang.CloneNotSupportedException
```
    Overrides:
    
    clone in class java.lang.Object
    
    Throws:
    
    java.lang.CloneNotSupportedException
  - recycle
```
public void recycle()
```
    Description copied from class: AbstractChunk
    
    Resets the chunk to an uninitialized state.
    
    Overrides:
    
    recycle in class AbstractChunk
  - allocate
```
public void allocate(int initial,
                     int limit)
```
  - setBytes
```
public void setBytes(byte[] b,
                     int off,
                     int len)
```
    Sets the buffer to the specified subarray of bytes.
    
    Parameters:
    
    b - the ascii bytes
    
    off - the start offset of the bytes
    
    len - the length of the bytes
  - setCharset
```
public void setCharset(java.nio.charset.Charset charset)
```
  - getCharset
```
public java.nio.charset.Charset getCharset()
```
  - getBytes
```
public byte[] getBytes()
```
    Returns:
    
    the buffer.
  - getBuffer
```
public byte[] getBuffer()
```
    Returns:
    
    the buffer.
  - setByteInputChannel
```
public void setByteInputChannel(ByteChunk.ByteInputChannel in)
```
    When the buffer is empty, read the data from the input channel.
    
    Parameters:
    
    in - The input channel
  - setByteOutputChannel
```
public void setByteOutputChannel(ByteChunk.ByteOutputChannel out)
```
    When the buffer is full, write the data to the output channel. Also used when large amount of data is appended. If not set, the buffer will grow to the limit.
    
    Parameters:
    
    out - The output channel
  - append
```
public void append(byte b)
            throws java.io.IOException
```
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException
  - append
```
public void append(ByteChunk src)
            throws java.io.IOException
```
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException
  - append
```
public void append(byte[] src,
                   int off,
                   int len)
            throws java.io.IOException
```
    Add data to the buffer.
    
    Parameters:
    
    src - Bytes array
    
    off - Offset
    
    len - Length
    
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException - Writing overflow data to the output channel failed
  - append
```
public void append(java.nio.ByteBuffer from)
            throws java.io.IOException
```
    Add data to the buffer.
    
    Parameters:
    
    from - the ByteBuffer with the data
    
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException - Writing overflow data to the output channel failed
  - substract
```
@Deprecated
public int substract()
              throws java.io.IOException
```
    Deprecated.
    
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException
  - subtract
```
public int subtract()
             throws java.io.IOException
```
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException
  - substractB
```
@Deprecated
public byte substractB()
                throws java.io.IOException
```
    Deprecated.
    
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException
  - subtractB
```
public byte subtractB()
               throws java.io.IOException
```
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException
  - substract
```
@Deprecated
public int substract(byte[] dest,
                     int off,
                     int len)
              throws java.io.IOException
```
    Deprecated.
    
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException
  - subtract
```
public int subtract(byte[] dest,
                    int off,
                    int len)
             throws java.io.IOException
```
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException
  - substract
```
@Deprecated
public int substract(java.nio.ByteBuffer to)
              throws java.io.IOException
```
    Deprecated.
    Use subtract(ByteBuffer). This method will be removed in Tomcat 10
    
    Transfers bytes from the buffer to the specified ByteBuffer. After the operation the position of the ByteBuffer will be returned to the one before the operation, the limit will be the position incremented by the number of the transferred bytes.
    
    Parameters:
    
    to - the ByteBuffer into which bytes are to be written.
    
    Returns:
    
    an integer specifying the actual number of bytes read, or -1 if the end of the stream is reached
    
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException - if an input or output exception has occurred
  - subtract
```
public int subtract(java.nio.ByteBuffer to)
             throws java.io.IOException
```
    Transfers bytes from the buffer to the specified ByteBuffer. After the operation the position of the ByteBuffer will be returned to the one before the operation, the limit will be the position incremented by the number of the transfered bytes.
    
    Parameters:
    
    to - the ByteBuffer into which bytes are to be written.
    
    Returns:
    
    an integer specifying the actual number of bytes read, or -1 if the end of the stream is reached
    
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException - if an input or output exception has occurred
  - flushBuffer
```
public void flushBuffer()
                 throws java.io.IOException
```
    Send the buffer to the sink. Called by append() when the limit is reached. You can also call it explicitly to force the data to be written.
    
    Throws:
    
    java.io.IOException - Writing overflow data to the output channel failed
  - makeSpace
```
public void makeSpace(int count)
```
    Make space for len bytes. If len is small, allocate a reserve space too. Never grow bigger than the limit or AbstractChunk.ARRAY_MAX_SIZE.
    
    Parameters:
    
    count - The size
  - toString
```
public java.lang.String toString()
```
    Overrides:
    
    toString in class java.lang.Object
  - toString
```
public java.lang.String toString(java.nio.charset.CodingErrorAction malformedInputAction,
                                 java.nio.charset.CodingErrorAction unmappableCharacterAction)
                          throws java.nio.charset.CharacterCodingException
```
    Throws:
    
    java.nio.charset.CharacterCodingException
  - toStringInternal
```
@Deprecated
public java.lang.String toStringInternal()
```
    Deprecated.
    Unused. This method will be removed in Tomcat 11 onwards.
    
    Converts the current content of the byte buffer to a String using the configured character set.
    
    Returns:
    
    The result of converting the bytes to a String
  - toStringInternal
```
public java.lang.String toStringInternal(java.nio.charset.CodingErrorAction malformedInputAction,
                                         java.nio.charset.CodingErrorAction unmappableCharacterAction)
                                  throws java.nio.charset.CharacterCodingException
```
    Converts the current content of the byte buffer to a String using the configured character set.
    
    Parameters:
    
    malformedInputAction - Action to take if the input is malformed
    
    unmappableCharacterAction - Action to take if a byte sequence can't be mapped to a character
    
    Returns:
    
    The result of converting the bytes to a String
    
    Throws:
    
    java.nio.charset.CharacterCodingException - If an error occurs during the conversion
  - getLong
```
public long getLong()
```
  - equals
```
public boolean equals(java.lang.Object obj)
```
    Overrides:
    
    equals in class java.lang.Object
  - equals
```
public boolean equals(java.lang.String s)
```
    Compares the message bytes to the specified String object.
    NOTE: This only works for characters in the range 0-127.
    
    Parameters:
    
    s - the String to compare
    
    Returns:
    
    true if the comparison succeeded, false otherwise
  - equalsIgnoreCase
```
public boolean equalsIgnoreCase(java.lang.String s)
```
    Compares the message bytes to the specified String object.
    NOTE: This only works for characters in the range 0-127.
    
    Parameters:
    
    s - the String to compare
    
    Returns:
    
    true if the comparison succeeded, false otherwise
  - equals
```
public boolean equals(ByteChunk bb)
```
  - equals
```
public boolean equals(byte[] b2,
                      int off2,
                      int len2)
```
  - equals
```
public boolean equals(CharChunk cc)
```
  - equals
```
public boolean equals(char[] c2,
                      int off2,
                      int len2)
```
    Compares the message bytes to the specified char array.
    NOTE: This only works for characters in the range 0-127.
    
    Parameters:
    
    c2 - the array to compare to
    
    off2 - offset
    
    len2 - length
    
    Returns:
    
    true if the comparison succeeded, false otherwise
  - startsWith
```
public boolean startsWith(java.lang.String s,
                          int pos)
```
    Returns true if the buffer starts with the specified string when tested in a case sensitive manner.
    NOTE: This only works for characters in the range 0-127.
    
    Parameters:
    
    s - the string
    
    pos - The position
    
    Returns:
    
    true if the start matches
  - startsWithIgnoreCase
```
public boolean startsWithIgnoreCase(java.lang.String s,
                                    int pos)
```
    Returns true if the buffer starts with the specified string when tested in a case insensitive manner.
    NOTE: This only works for characters in the range 0-127.
    
    Parameters:
    
    s - the string
    
    pos - The position
    
    Returns:
    
    true if the start matches
  - getBufferElement
```
protected int getBufferElement(int index)
```
    Specified by:
    
    getBufferElement in class AbstractChunk
  - indexOf
```
public int indexOf(char c,
                   int starting)
```
    Returns the first instance of the given character in this ByteChunk starting at the specified byte. If the character is not found, -1 is returned.
    NOTE: This only works for characters in the range 0-127.
    
    Parameters:
    
    c - The character
    
    starting - The start position
    
    Returns:
    
    The position of the first instance of the character or -1 if the character is not found.
  - indexOf
```
public static int indexOf(byte[] bytes,
                          int start,
                          int end,
                          char s)
```
    Returns the first instance of the given character in the given byte array between the specified start and end.
    NOTE: This only works for characters in the range 0-127.
    
    Parameters:
    
    bytes - The array to search
    
    start - The point to start searching from in the array
    
    end - The point to stop searching in the array
    
    s - The character to search for
    
    Returns:
    
    The position of the first instance of the character or -1 if the character is not found.
  - findByte
```
public static int findByte(byte[] bytes,
                           int start,
                           int end,
                           byte b)
```
    Returns the first instance of the given byte in the byte array between the specified start and end.
    
    Parameters:
    
    bytes - The byte array to search
    
    start - The point to start searching from in the byte array
    
    end - The point to stop searching in the byte array
    
    b - The byte to search for
    
    Returns:
    
    The position of the first instance of the byte or -1 if the byte is not found.
  - findBytes
```
public static int findBytes(byte[] bytes,
                            int start,
                            int end,
                            byte[] b)
```
    Returns the first instance of any of the given bytes in the byte array between the specified start and end.
    
    Parameters:
    
    bytes - The byte array to search
    
    start - The point to start searching from in the byte array
    
    end - The point to stop searching in the byte array
    
    b - The array of bytes to search for
    
    Returns:
    
    The position of the first instance of the byte or -1 if the byte is not found.
  - convertToBytes
```
public static byte[] convertToBytes(java.lang.String value)
```
    Convert specified String to a byte array. This ONLY WORKS for ascii, UTF chars will be truncated.
    
    Parameters:
    
    value - to convert to byte array
    
    Returns:
    
    the byte array value

Constructor	Description
`ByteChunk()`	Creates a new, uninitialized ByteChunk object.
`ByteChunk(int initial)`

Class ByteChunk

Nested Class Summary

Field Summary

Fields inherited from class org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.AbstractChunk

Constructor Summary

Method Summary

Methods inherited from class org.apache.tomcat.util.buf.AbstractChunk

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

Field Detail

DEFAULT_CHARSET

Constructor Detail

ByteChunk

ByteChunk

Method Detail

clone

recycle

allocate

setBytes

setCharset

getCharset

getBytes

getBuffer

setByteInputChannel

setByteOutputChannel

append

append

append

append

substract

subtract

substractB

subtractB

substract

subtract

substract

subtract

flushBuffer

makeSpace

toString

toString

toStringInternal

toStringInternal

getLong

equals

equals

equalsIgnoreCase

equals

equals

equals

equals

startsWith

startsWithIgnoreCase

getBufferElement

indexOf

indexOf

findByte

findBytes

convertToBytes